STEM CELL TREATMENT FOR ANTI-AGING Aging is related to changes in dynamic social, environmental, physiological, behavioral, psychological, and biological processes. Some age-related changes are insignificant, for example graying hair. Others consequence in decline function of the senses and activities of daily life and multiplied susceptibility to and frequency of disease, disability, or frailty. In fact, increasing age is the vital risk factor for a number of chronic and degenerative diseases in humans. (1) AGING THEORY Nobody knows how and why people change as they get older. Some hypotheses claim that aging is trigger by injuries from ultraviolet light in a long period, wear and tear on the body, or a side effect of metabolism. Other hypotheses view aging as a prearranged process controlled by genes. No single theory can explain all the changes of aging. Aging is a complex process that diverges as to how it influences in each individual and even different organs tissue. Most scientists who study aging, feel that aging comes from the interaction of many long-term influences. These influences include heredity, diet, environment, exercise, past illness, leisure, culture, and many other influencers. Far from the changes of adolescence, which are expected to within a few years, each person ages at a different rate. Some systems start aging as early as age 30. Other aging processes are not common until much later in life. [2] ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR ASSOCIATED WITH AGING Examples of Age-related Changes in Function and Organ Structure and Possible Related Agents, Life-styles or Medical condition (5) The environmental cause of aging by organ Hearing loss: loud noise, ears toxicity medication Nervous system: Expose to the toxin which affects nerve such as lead, mercury, food additive, pesticide Skin: cigarette smoking, ultraviolet light, cigarette smoking Cataract: ultraviolet light Respiratory system: Cigarette smoking AGING MECHANISM The fundamental mechanisms of aging the rate of buildup of stress-induced random molecular damage are conditional on the capacity of the antioxidant system and the effectiveness of repair systems. As these systems are not 100% effective, cells always carry some unrepaired damage that conducts to activation of a stress response and increasing mechanisms to remove the damage or to prevent the cell break up. Though, these responses also become less effective with age so that damaged element buildup leading to cellular defects, which gives rise to tissue dysfunction and aging. (3) AGING CHANGE IN DIFFERENT ORGAN SYSTEM Cells are the basic building blocks of tissues and organs. All cells facing changes with aging. They become bigger and are decrease their ability to divide and multiply. Among other changes, there is an intensifying in pigments and fatty components inside the cell (lipids). Many cells lose their capability to function, or they start to function abnormally. •Skin: freckle, skin tag, dry and sensitive skin, Hair loss Photoaging, skin laxity, wrinkle •Obesity: easier to gain weight, the proportion of the body that is made up of fat increases on average from 14 percent to 30 percent between the ages of 25 and 75. •Sexual health: menopause, erectile dysfunction, Dry Vagina, loss of sexual appetite •Endocrine system: Diabetic Mellitus type 2 •Kidney: Chronic kidney disease (4) •Respiratory system: COPD •Cancer •cardiovascular system: High blood pressure, Ischemic heart disease, Valvular heart disease •bones, joints, and muscles: Bone shrink, Osteoporosis, Muscle loss, Osteoarthritis •digestive system: Gall stone, Colon cancer, constipation, Indigestion, •Urinary tract: Prostate gland Enlargement, CA prostate, Incontinence, •Brain and nervous system: Depression, Parkinson, Stroke, Dementia, Alzheimer •Eyes and ears: visual acuity defect, Macular degeneration, Cataract, Sensory hearing loss •Teeth: increase the chance of teeth and gum decay and infection AGEING STEM CELL AND DEGENERATIVE DISEASE There is increasing proof that the aging process can have negative effects on stem cells. As stem cells, age, their renewal capability decreases, and their ability to differentiate into the various cell types is changed. Correspondingly, it is proposed that aging-induced deterioration of stem cell functions play a vital role in the pathophysiology of the varied aging-associated disorders. Adult stem cells, as known as somatic stem cells, are found through our body in every organ and tissue after development, and function as self-renewing cell pools to refill dying cells and repair damaged tissues throughout our life. However, adult stem cells seem to age with the person. As stem cells age, their functional capability also decreases. Specifically, this regenerative power seems to decline with age, as injuries in older individuals recover more slowly than in childhood. For instance, healing of a breaking bone takes a much longer time in the elderly than in young individuals. There is a considerable amount of proof showing that the deterioration of adult stem cells in the adult can become a key role in the initiation of several diseases in aging. From the various developments in stem cell research, it is transparent that we grow old partly as our stem cells grow old with us. The functions of aged stem cells become undermine as the result of intracellular cell pathways and surrounding environmental changes. With the sharp rise in aging-related diseases, the need for efficient regenerative medicine methods for the aged is more crucial than ever. (6) STEM CELLS FOR ANTI-AGING AND REJUVENATION As stem cells age, their renewal capability decreases, and their potentiality to change into various cell types is the exhaust. It is believed that stem cell failure causing a decline in health during the aging process. Stem cell treatment is a potential method to induce and differentiate stem cells via cell replacement therapy allow an effective approach for the treatment of degenerative age-related diseases. It is believed that the regenerative ability of these cells is due to their high dividing ability and differentiation capabilities, essential substance production, and immune privilege. Somatic stem cell resident varies according to the regenerative requires of the host tissue. In high turnover tissue, such as the hematopoietic or gut system, most stem cells or are active throughout our life. In organs deficient of stem cells, stem cell transplantation to replace cells is a potential therapeutic method for functional recovery. This means that stem cells can utilize for cell replacement therapy as an intervention target at reducing the effects of aging. (7) STEM CELL HOMECOMING Mesenchymal stem cells are another population of cells with treatment potential. Mesenchymal stem cells are normally defined as multipotent cells that have the potential of self- renewal and can also generate a number of unique cell types that result in connective tissue, cartilage, and bone. Scientists have proof that these cells live in many parts of the body and are efficient in contributing to the repair of a variety of damaged tissues and organs. Although injection of local transplantation proves therapeutically beneficial, the potential to target these cells to particular tissues with high effectiveness will be a key role in developing new therapeutic methods. Inflamed or damaged tissues call for repairing by sending out signals, some of which act as cues for mesenchymal stem cells and call them to the damaged tissue, and many of these signals have been discovered, including stromal-derived factor. Though stromal-derived, factors can be effective in calling mesenchymal stem cells, under normal conditions it stays in an inert state by enzymes in the body. (8) After moving into injured tissues, mesenchymal stem cells will perform functions and aid wound healing of diseases and damage tissue. STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR ANTI-AGING, HOW DOES IT WORK? Stem cells are identified by their multiple-efficacy and self-renewal abilities, resulting in the parent cells or mature cells that can repair tissue and keep the characteristics of stem cells to guarantee a long-term continuation of the stem cell population. Stem cells play an important role in organ generation and maintaining homeostasis throughout life, own the ability to migrate long distances and target disease or damaged conditions, exhibit therapeutic genes, and respond to signal that redirect their differentiation into defective cell type. This means that stem cells can utilize for cell replacement as a treatment method aimed at decreasing the effects of aging. Stem cells mechanism of action such as: •Secrete essential substance: Although there are many ways through which stem cells may decrease injury, the main mechanism which is assessed is through essential substance secretion functions. •Immune Regulatory: In view of the inflammatory nature of most injuries, studies have shown that the important role of mesenchymal stem cells in resolving tissue damage counting on toning down inflammation in particular sites of injury. •Factor stimulating new blood vessel: New blood vessels generate provided by mesenchymal stem cells can appraise one more supportive effect, since the regenerate of blood supply is fundamental for the repair of damaged tissues. •Anti-oxidative factors: Some studies have proposed that mesenchymal stem cells also own anti-oxidative features. Mesenchymal stem cells have been observed to create many anti-oxidative substances such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), HGF, IGF, PDGF, and IL-6. Mesenchymal stem cells respectively reduce oxidative damage in culture when fibroblast cells are exposed to oxidative damage-causing environments. (9) •Differentiation: Mesenchymal Stem Cells have the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types such as bone, cartilage nerve cell, fat cell. •Fusion: Specific adult stem cells can be used for clinical treatment by launching nuclei or functional genes in aged or degenerating cells. A fusion of stem cells with degenerate cells play an important role in the regeneration of damaged tissue and organ. It’s known that inflammation induces stem cells moving to sites of tissue injury. Moreover, inflammation also enhances the frequency of stem cell fusion. THE ULTIMATE REJUVENATION. •Immune System Rejuvenation: This also applies to blood cell systems, in which aging is related to an increased chance of blood cell cancer and other diseases. Blood cells are in charge of ongoing maintenance and immune protection of all cell types. Research on the process of blood cell genesis has shown that aging decreases immune responses and blood components, as a consequence an increase in the chance of white blood cell diseases, including cancer. Rejuvenation intends to reverse aging more than simply delay it. Rejuvenation can be reached through the reconstitution of self-blood stem cells or the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from peripheral blood, bone marrow, or umbilical cord blood. • Cardiac Rejuvenation: Eventually, been recognized that heart muscle cells can be regenerated after birth. Patients with severe heart disease caused by the plaque build-up inside cardiac arteries have decreased in the functionality of circulating stem cells to repair tissue damage. This has led a number of scientific researchers to use stem cell therapy as a means to regenerate heart tissue as known as heart rejuvenation. Researchers have also examined cell therapies regarding the administration of healthy, young stem cells to a diseased heart to give protection from the aging of cardiac cells and enhance cardiac repair. •Nerve System Rejuvenation: Age-induced decrease in the number of nerve cells and neural stem cells compromise nerve cell regeneration. Aging of the central nervous system is related to the progressive loss of nervous system function, which can be aggravated by neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Most previous researches have shown that cell therapy might be able to repair lost cells and enhance neuronal regeneration, protect nerve cell survival as well as play a key role in defeat permanent sensory loss or paralysis and restoring neurological function. The possible mechanisms may as the following: o inhibit cell death oSecrete important substance o Immune modulate the function o Promotion of nerve cell integration. o Promote new blood vessel generation o Generate nerve cell o Decrease inflammation •Bone and Joint Rejuvenation: Age-related changes in bone and joint include the destructive processes of cartilage. As the cartilage cells decrease, joint cartilage becomes increasingly thin, as well as dehydrated. It proofs that the bioactive substance secreted by mesenchymal stem cells can have beneficial effects in modulating the microenvironment of damaged tissue, as a result, better conditions for tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells produce a range of substances, which aid in a variety of biological functions, including immune regulation, new blood vessel generates, anti-cell death, anti-oxidation, cell homing, and the promotion of cell differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cells have been used in cell therapy to enhance the repair of cartilage, bone, or muscle. Illuminating the mechanism that promotes the aging of bone and joint can lead to treatments target at slowing aging-associated changes or enhancing the regeneration of joint cartilage.[7] Reference 1.US Department of Human and Health Service, National Institute on aging “Understand the dynamic of aging process “ 2.US National library of medicine, Medline Plus “Ageing Change in organ tissue and cellar” 3.Mark T. Mc Auley, Modelling the molecular mechanisms of aging, Bioscience Reports (2017) 4.Mayo Clinic “Healthy aging “ https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/healthy- aging/in-depth/aging/art-20046070 5.National Research Council (US) Committee on Chemical Toxicology and Aging. Washington (DC)” Environmental Effects on Age-Associated Diseases and Changes in Organ Function” National Academies Press (US); 1987. 6.Abu Shufian Ishtiaq Ahmed,” Effect of aging on stem cells”, World J Exp Med. 2017 Feb 20 7.Da-Chuan Yeh, Tzu-Min Chan” Therapeutics of Stem Cell Treatment in Anti-Aging and Rejuvenation“Stem Cell Discovery, 8, 13-31. 8.Harvard stem cell institute, Harvard University,” Stem cells going home” 9.Patricia Semedo, Marina Burgos-Silva, “How do mesenchymal stem cells repair “ open access peer review submit March 29 ,2011

WHAT IS OSTEOARTHRITIS? Osteoarthritis is a condition in which the cartilage (natural cushioning between joints) wears off. When this occurs, the bony part component of the joint rubbing more and more against each other as a consequence of decreasing cartilage, the shock-absorbing part. This rubbing creates in pain, stiffness, swelling, reduce the ability to move, and also sometimes the formation of bony projection along the bone edges. [1] SYMPTOMS •Loss of flexibility. You may not be able to mobilize your joint throughout its full range of motion. •Grating sensation. You may feel a grating sensation when you exert the joint, and you may hear crackling or popping. •Abnormal bone growth. Bone spurs are the extra bits of bone, which perceive like hard mass, can form surround the affected joint. •Swelling. This caused by the inflammation of soft tissue around the joint. •Pain. Affected joints may painful after or during movement. •Stiffness. Joint stiffness may be most detectable upon awakening or after being immobile for a long period. •Tenderness. Your joint may feel painful when you press a light pressure to or near the joint. WHAT CAUSE OA KNEE? Osteoarthritis has a multiple constituent etiology, which come from the influence of local and systemic factors. Osteoarthritis happens in all ages. The theory of this disease, in which particular responsible genes are related to its incident. Obesity, sports participation, genetic susceptibility, and injury to the joint, predispose young athletes to the progress of premature osteoarthritis. History of knee trauma multiplies the risk of knee osteoarthritis 3.86 times. Female gender, Old age, obesity and overweight, knee injury, bone density, repetitive use of joints, joint laxity, and muscle weakness, all play roles in the development of joint osteoarthritis [3] RISK FACTORS OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS •Age •Trauma •Muscle weakness •Joint laxity •Mechanical forces •Repetitive knee trauma •Kneeling Squatting •Meniscal injuries •Genetic susceptibility •Obesity •Female gender OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE, HOW TO PREVENT? A number of risk factors might put a person at risk of developing osteoarthritis. Making changes may not reverse the condition, but a person may be able to decrease their risk or keep osteoarthritis from progressing. •Keep your healthful weight: Excess weight puts more pressure on the knees. Over time, this gives to wearing down the cartilage. Excess fat can also induce the body to secrete cytokines, a type of protein. This can lead to extensive inflammation, and it can turn the way that cartilage cells work. •Managing blood sugar: High blood sugar levels can influence the structure and function of cartilage, and diabetes enhances the risk of cartilage loss and inflammation. •Regular exercise: Moderate intense exercise can keep the joints stay flexible, strengthen the muscles that hold up the knees, and decrease the risk of various health problems. It may help to walk, gardener, swim for 30 minutes at a time, five times per week. Everybody who has not exercised for a long period, possibly due to hard with mobility, should ask a medical professional for recommendations about how to start. •Reducing the injury risk: Cartilage that persisting damage from a repetitive injury is more prone to develop osteoarthritis later. It would be better to decrease the risk of slipping in the house by wearing shoes that fit well and use protecting equipment while playing sports to save injury. •Keep away from overuse: Some sports or professions related to repetitive movement of the knee joint, such as squatting or kneeling. People who usually lift more than 25kg might have an increased risk of osteoarthritis. Jobs that set people at risk such as unloading trucks or ships and laying carpets. Varying activities and getting adequate rest interval of work or exercise might help. [4] OA KNEE TREATMENT OPTIONS. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative and progressive problem, with the damaged structure is unlikely to revert and repair. So, current treatment modalities are targeted towards symptom management until the degree of severity dictates the necessity of surgical treatment with joint replacement. [5] •Rehabilitation: There are different treatment options for osteoarthritis, for example occupational, physical, and alternative therapies. o Physical therapy uses exercises to strengthen muscles and enhance flexibility and joint mobility. o Occupational therapy targets helping you better cope with your normal activities and lifestyle, for example, get the dressing, walking, and bathing. You may only need these treatments for a short period as you learn to manage with your osteoarthritis or as your symptoms exacerbate. o Alternative treatments for osteoarthritis can include massage, relaxation therapies, and hydrotherapy. Acupuncture may also be useful. That acupuncture may be effective in decreasing osteoarthritis symptoms when used with additional medicines, or, in some scenarios, in place of pain medication together. o Medication: Many patients with osteoarthritis take medications to reduce pain and symptoms, such as: o Acetaminophen This is frequently the first-line treatment for those with mild-to-moderate osteoarthritis pain. Common side effects such as upper stomach pain and nausea. o Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). If acetaminophen can’t provide relief, you may consider a Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for example ibuprofen or naproxen. These over the counter medicines can sometimes generate stomach problems. [7] o Supplement with hyaluronic acid: Hyaluronic acid (HA), is natural glycosaminoglycan produce by intra-articular cells that synthesize joint lubrication fluid. It provides viscous lubrication, has shocking absorbing features, and additionally, possible anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory functions have been reported. The current proof regarding effectiveness is conflicting o Intra-articular injection treatment choices for knee osteoarthritis: o steroid injections: steroids, can suppress the immune response and interrupting the inflammatory cascade at multiple levels. It is believed that these are some of the processes of increase joint mobility and pain relief in knee osteoarthritis. [6] o Intra-articular hyaluronic acid for the knee: Tend to be less beneficial than those for steroid injections. The 2013 American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeon guidelines strongly recommends against the use of hyaluronic acid for the symptomatic knee. CELLULAR THERAPY FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE PLACENTA EXTRACT The human placental extract has been used for decades in Japan and China as a treatment agent for liver endocrine abnormalities and regeneration. Placenta extract has been proved to have wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects in the clinical trial [6]. Placenta Extract enhances natural healing through nervous regulation, hormonal regulation, and immune- regulation, giving the body resistance toward disease. Placenta Extract carries a variety of nutrients growth factors and anti-oxidant. (You can see more detail placenta extract component follow this link https:// www.ivtherapybangkok.com/placenta-extract-bangkok) Osteoarthritis is an inflammation which rises because of degeneration (deformation) of the joints. When bones aging this cartilage can be punctured or wear out, and the pain of two bones directly rubbing against each other is the symptoms of osteoarthritis. The condition can go undetectable or if it isn’t very severe, often with bouts of sudden pain. Placenta extract can be used to successfully treat osteoarthritis. While the placenta’s Anti-inflammatory Function can work against the pain, its Tissue Repair ability promotes regenerate of the damaged tissues. Another feature of attack is its “Insulin-Like Growth Factor” which enhances the growth of smooth muscle cells and cartilage and is remarkably efficient at treating and preventing osteoarthritis. Professor Kazuhito Asano and his team at Showa University’s Medicine Department described that high levels of active oxygen were observed in the joints of sufferers of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, this is likely to be a cause of symptom degeneration and pain. Asano’s group found active oxygen in the joints of 40 osteoarthritis patients and 19 rheumatoid arthritis patients who visited their university hospital and detected no active oxygen in the joints of healthy people. The severity of the symptoms of each patient was graded into four levels, and those with the most severe clinical had on average 2.5 times in the case of osteoarthritis patients and five times the levels of active oxygen in the case of rheumatoid arthritis patients and, compared to those with the least severe symptoms. They concluded that active oxygen was damaging the tissues in the joints and causing the condition to degenerate. As the placenta has an Active Oxygen eliminate Function it can play this additional beneficial role in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis treatment. [10] STEM CELL THERAPY Stem cell treatment for knees is minimally invasive. It’s a way that can decrease inflammation, repair, and slow all these types of damage from joint inflammation, and prevent or delay knee replacement surgery. In the study, only one knee was injected. Although the natural deterioration of the knee continues, at five years, those knees that are injected with stem cells are in better shape than they were before the injections. STEM CELLS TREATMENT FOR KNEE MECHANISM OF ACTION Researchers believe that stem cell therapy for the knee works by: •Developing into essential cartilage cells •Produce proteins called cytokines that slow degeneration of cartilage and reduce pain [8] •Prevent the inflammation that can worsen arthritis STEM CELLS THERAPY FOR KNEE, EFFECTIVITY. Recently, a group of researchers from the Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network in Toronto, Canada focused on the beneficial use of stem cells to treat knee osteoarthritis. They reported their results in the journal STEM CELLS Translational Medicine. The researchers wanted to know whether it may be possible to regenerate and repair knee cartilage using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). These cells can develop into a number of various cell types, including bone, muscle, and importantly, cartilage. In all, the researchers recruited 12 patients with moderate-to-severe knee osteoarthritis and extracted mesenchymal stem cells from each person's bone marrow. In this pilot study, one of the main aims was to understand what establishes a safe and viable dosage, so the researchers injected each patient with one of three different doses of MSCs. 12 months after treatment, the researcher followed the patient, assessing their progress. For instance, they measured the inflammatory biomarkers level and the cartilage breakdown rate, and they check regular MRI scans of the affected joints. They also asked the participants to rate how well they felt they were doing. By the end of the year-long study, the researcher found that there was a significant decrease in pain and an increase in quality of life. There was a significant decrease in inflammation within the knee joints of the patients, which is crucial because experts now believe inflammation to be an important key driver of osteoarthritis. [9] STEM CELL TREATMENT FOR KNEE SIDE EFFECTS Stem cell therapy for knees is noninvasive and infrequently painful. Side effects are minimal. The most common experiences after the procedure such as mild pain at the injection site, swelling. [8] Reference 1.WEBMD, Osteoarthritis, Reference “Osteoarthritis of the Knee (Degenerative Arthritis of the Knee)” https://www.webmd.com/osteoarthritis/ostearthritis-of-the-knee- degenerative-arthritis-of-the-knee#1 2.Mayo clinic , Osteoarthritis https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ osteoarthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351925 3.Behzad Heidari (MD), Knee osteoarthritis prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis and features: Part I 4.Medically reviewed by Gregory Minnis, DPT on August 15, 2018 — Written by Brian Wu, Medicalnewstoday.com “The stages of osteoarthritis of the knee” 5.Juan C Mora, Knee osteoarthritis: pathophysiology and current treatment modalities , Journal of Pain Research 2018:11 2189–2196 6.Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, USA” Intra-articular treatment options for knee osteoarthritis”, Nat Rev Rheumatol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2019 August 01 7.Healthline, Medically reviewed by William A. Morrison, MD on January 3, 2017 — Written by Chaunie Brusie, RN, BSN, “Treatment for OA knee, what’s work ? “ 8.Medically reviewed by William Morrison, MD on August 21, 2018 — Written by Jennifer Leavitt, MS. “Can stem cell therapy repair the damage knee” Healthline 9.Written by Tim Newman on April 23, 2019 - Fact checked by Isabel Godfrey, MedicalNewsToday, “ Using Stem Cells to combat osteoarthritis 10.Kentaro Yoshida, Placenta Power: For Health and Beauty A useful guide for those seeking placenta-based remedies

STEM CELLS TREATMENT FOR DIABETIC MELLITUS Recently, stem cell treatment has to reach positive results in medicine regarding the replacement, repair, and regeneration properties. Of note, 3R therapy utilize stem cells and as an effective implementation to repair, prevent, replace, and treat damaged organs. In fact, stem cell treatment has been used successfully in diabetes, from preclinical to clinical researches. (6) Stem cell transplantation is a great platform for diabetes treatment due to the fact that it can decrease the progression of diabetes and stop the complications of long-term blood glucose associated effect. THE UMBILICAL CORD MSCS TREATING DIABETIC MELLITUS The most favored stem cell type that has been proved in diabetes mellitus therapy have been mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells have excellent potential and it is practicable to isolate them, there is an abundant source, and ethical problems are minimal. Mesenchymal stem cells are distributed everywhere in the body and can then be extracted from multiple sources, for example, the heart, bone marrow, skin, bodily fluids, and perinatal tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells respond to internal tissue environmental changes such as PH, oxygen, stress by producing immune-modulatory factors known to regenerate injured cells and tissues. (5) Studies have proven that mesenchymal stem cells can be extracted, expanded, and cryopreserved from both Wharton’s jelly (umbilical cord matrix) and umbilical cord blood. However, advantages to the extract of mesenchymal stem cells from the Wharton’s jelly (WJ) include a higher yield, increased likelihood of successful MSC isolation, a more homogenous stem cell population, and better potential to turn into insulin-producing cells. (5) MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR DIABETES MELLITUS It is known that MSCs play a crucial role in healing damaged tissues. They can differentiate to replace the dead cells as well as secrete stimulant factors to activate surrounding cells in the microenvironment, enhancing the tissue repair process. Therefore, MSCs can be applied to treat tissues impaired by chronic hyperglycemia. For T1DM, MSC transplantation can theoretically increase beta-cell mass via the following effects: (1) beta cell replacement through in vitro or in vivo differentiation; (2) local microenvironment modification by the production of cytokines, chemokines, and factors to stimulate endogenous regeneration; (3) reduction or prevention of autoimmunity to beta cells. Although several MSC transplantation studies have clearly shown the outcome of controlled glucose metabolism, there have been observations of decreased insulin resistance as well as enhanced beta-cell function effects. Moreover, the mechanisms of MSC treatment for T2DM still has not been well understood. Some studies have suggested that the immunomodulatory and inflammatory effects of MSCs are what contribute to the resulting reduction of insulin resistance. (6) STEM CELL TRANSPLANT FOR DIABETES MECHANISM OF ACTION Cell replacement It has been proved that mesenchymal stem cell treatment can ameliorate blood glucose levels within the follow-up time from few weeks to several years. However, the mechanism behind this effect is still unclear. One mechanism is the replacement ability of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells derived cells. Mesenchymal stem cells are potentially to turn into insulin-producing cells and have been suggested to work instead of impaired pancreas cells in diabetic animals. Even though mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to produce insulin in the laboratory and in the human body, few mesenchymal stem cells become fully functional pancreas in the human body (only approximately 1.7 – 3% of transplanted cells). In addition, the temporary survival of transfused cells confirms that the replacement potential may not be the only reason for the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells. Sordi and team. have found the role of mesenchymal stem cells as support cells when they observed neovascular formation and normalized blood glucose levels after transplantation of pancreatic mesenchymal stem cells and islet mass. Immune regulation: Not only the differentiation ability, but mesenchymal stem cells also have the special ability to regulate immune responses through multiple mechanisms. In the laboratory, the ability to decrease immune system sensitivity of mesenchymal stem cells was discovered in the late 1990s. When stem cells culture with white blood cells, it is found that mesenchymal stem cells are able to change the cell division of multiple types of immune cells. They have the potential to stop white blood cell generation and function. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells are able to modulate the immune system to inhibit inflammation, resulting in reducing insulin resistance in diabetes type 2. Mesenchymal stem cells are capable of reducing autoimmune responses in diabetes type 1. It has been shown that mesenchymal stem cells can secrete much essential substance which modulates and improve the surrounding cells. UMBILICAL CORD STEM CELLS, IMMUNE PRIVILEGE PROPERTY It has been proposed that mesenchymal stem cells do not only have the ability to change into various kinds of adult stem cells but also universal donor cells because of their ability to avoid immune rejection. Furthermore, systemic delivery of mesenchymal stem cells derived from patient cells or other person source or even animal have been reported which can generate non-specific systemic immunosuppression. The transplanted mesenchymal stem cells could survive and differentiate in other person or animal recipients due to their immunotolerance capability. Atoui and team. have shown that the underlying mechanism of immunotolerance capability of mesenchymal stem cells comes from their low immune triggering, immune modulation, and immune suppression. As a result, transplanted mesenchymal stem cells can be tolerated (in part) in the recipients and can produce local pancreatic stem cells to generate, leading to the replacement of impaired cells in the diabetic. Reference 1.Harvard Health Publishing “Diabetic Type 2” Harvard Medical school 2.Mayo Clinic “Type 2 diabetic “ https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-2- diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20351193 3.International diabetes foundation “Type 2 diabetes” 4.EMRO Technical Publications Series 32” Guidelines for the prevention, management and care of diabetes mellitus” World Health Organization 5.Alvaro Moreira, Samuel Kahlenberg “Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Diabetes”, J Mol Endocrinol. 2017 Oct 6.Loan Thi-Tung Dang ,Ngoc Kim Phan,Kiet Dinh Truong, “Mesenchymal stem cells for diabetes mellitus treatment: new advances “ Biomedical Research and therapy

STEM CELLS TREATMENT FOR KIDNEY PROBLEMS Remarkable progress has been made to advance stem cell therapy as a potential treatment for kidney diseases: various kinds of stem cells can rebuild renal function in preclinical trials of acute and chronic kidney injury. (1) EXHAUSTED KIDNEY STEM CELLS, EXHAUSTED KIDNEY FUNCTION The influence of aging and of the underlying disease itself on donor stem cell ability is a significant constraint of autologous treatment but deserves discussion for donor stem cell transplantation for therapies. Donor cells are usually derived from healthy, young donors. Mesenchymal stem cells from older kidney failure patients can be used to culture and inject back to the patient, but their therapeutic effects will decrease with age and disease. The complex disease pathological is known to effects mesenchymal stem cells function such that mesenchymal stem cells from and stage kidney disease or diabetic patients are likely to be effective therapeutically compared to that of mesenchymal stem cells from healthy donors. Several studies examined resident mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from the kidney part of the degenerate kidney. These kidney origin cells are not likely to be utilized for self-renewal as the population is exhausted over the course of the progression of chronic kidney disease. Mesenchymal stem cells of nonrenal origin such as adipose tissue, bone marrow, cord, placenta, and blood are the most studied cells in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. In acute kidney injury, either created by toxic substances such as chemotherapy, by severe systemic infection, or by shock state make kidney shortage of blood supply, mesenchymal stem cells have shown regenerative and protective effects. In chronic kidney disease, multiple evidence supports that mesenchymal stem cell treatment can decrease fibrosis and kidney dysfunction. mesenchymal stem cells limited chronic kidney disease progression and decrease glomerular pathology in kidney disease from diabetes. A meta-analysis in 2015 reported that the injection of mesenchymal stem cells was the most efficient cell type in slowing the progression and development of chronic kidney disease. Increasing kidney function and improved kidney tissue fibrosis pathologies were the most changes observed after mesenchymal stem cell treatment. After kidney cells, damage induced by chemotherapy mesenchymal stem cells can improve kidney cell function. In addition, to decrease of renal structural abnormalities and reduce protein in the urine, kidney inflammation can also be improved by mesenchymal stem cells. STEM CELL TREATMENT FOR LUNG PROBLEMS Many lung problems still incurable and progressive to have significant morbidity and mortality. For example, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or less common problems but such as cystic fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension. Even though symptomatic care for these problems has improved, lung transplantation remains the single option for many patients. Additionally, lung transplantation is often a difficult choice since a five-year mortality of approximately 50% and many problems related to the required lifelong immunosuppression. Scientists believes that the failure of respiratory system stem cell repairing function may be the cause of chronic lung diseases such as emphysema. MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS TRANSPLANT “THE REPAIRING EFFECTS” The repairing abilities of mesenchymal stem cells to the lung in chronic lung disease models were mainly created by multiple paracrine factors (the important substances which cell need for repair) produced by transplant mesenchymal stem cells. These factors can decrease inflammation, induce immune modulation, enhance the permeability of gas exchange cells, and improve tissue repair. Even the few regenerated lung cells from exogenous mesenchymal stem cells also have contributed to functional restoration by replacing the damaged structures. (4) STEM CELLS TREATMENT FOR COPD, THE PROTECTION AND REGENERATION Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is currently the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Approximately 20% of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease have emphysema which means the destruction of alveolar walls creating enlargement of air spaces. Patients usually die from progressive respiratory failure and even the advances in the treatment there remain no cure. Several studies have evaluated the role of stem cells on regenerating of the lung in mouse emphysema models. These studies utilized the transplantation of stem cells into emphysematous mice and reported that there were reduced emphysematous structural changes. Another study systemically delivered stem cells immediately the following irradiation to destroyed mouse lung. These data showed that stem cells can protect against the progression of emphysema. The potential mechanism is seeming through paracrine effects (stem cells produce the important substance that cells need for rejuvenate) resulting in reduce alveolar cell death after injury. STEM CELLS TREATMENT FOR ASTHMA The study, published in the foundation of American societies for experimental biology, reported that the mesenchymal stem cells can effectively decrease inflammation, reversed signs of airway remodeling, and completely repair airway/lung fibrosis and airway hypersensitivity. These cells were special on their own as they were able to efficiently reverse the scarring tissue that creates lung dysfunction and difficulty in breathing. They concluded that this may provide a new stand-alone treatment or an additional treatment for groups of asthma patients. (3) STEM CELL TREATMENT FOR LIVER PROBLEMS The past 20 years have shown an explosion of clinical and research applications of stem cells, changing the field of regenerative medicine. Stem cell transplantation has already been used to treat patients with liver disease, cancer, and other types of chronic diseases. Actually, stem cell-based treatment is effective in various diseases and creates new insights into the therapy of liver disease. A number of clinical trials have shown the effectivity profiles of stem cell transplantation in patients with liver disease, including liver failure, liver cirrhosis, mechanisms, and efficacy of stem cell treatment. THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS, OF STEM CELLS HOW DOES IT WORK? From their ability for multiple rounds of self-renewal and ability to change into many different types of cells, stem cells play an important role in numerous biological phenomena including anti-inflammation, immune modulation, anti-cell death, new blood vessel genesis, promotion of tissue repair, and production of growth factors. Mesenchymal stem cells are the most common stem cell source for fundamental and clinical research given the lack of ethical constraints related to their usage and availability STEM CELL TREATMENT FOR LIVER REGENERATION Until now, there have been numerous clinical trials on stem cell treatment liver disease, showing its side effects and efficiency features. Moreover, there were 139 clinical studies, including 27 ongoing clinical studies, on the association between liver disease and stem cell transplantation. The prior trial indicated that mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can constitute an effective treatment for liver disease. In a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 2 trial, autologous mesenchymal stem, cells safely improved liver function and enhance the quantification of tissue adhesion following liver biopsy in participants with alcoholic cirrhosis. Another open-label, paired, controlled study from China shown that injection of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells also increased liver function and decrease fluid accumulation in the abdomen from late state liver disease, in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation was also reported to increase liver function in chronic liver disease patients with autoimmune diseases. Moreover, studies related animal models of acute liver failure have reported strong proof pointing to the success of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in enhancing liver function, stop liver cell death, and increase liver cells production in animal models of acute liver failure, suggesting that mesenchymal stem cells transplantation may be benefits to treat liver failure. In 2012, Shi and team experiment with a case-control study to measure the efficacy and safety of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in chronic liver disease patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure; and found increased survival rates, together with decrease end-stage liver disease scores and improve liver function. Another study on mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for the treatment of acute on top chronic liver failure patients also receive the same results, in which the treatment improves the 24 weeks survival rate, increase liver function, and reduce the chance of severe infections. Furthermore, a recent systematic review and meta-analysis of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in acute on top chronic liver disease patients, which reported that the treatment remarkable decrease mortality rates, without increasing the incidence of severe complications. There were also no differences in the chance of severe complications such as brain edema, liver-kidney syndrome, gastrointestinal bleeding between the standard medical treatment, and the mesenchymal stem cell treatment group. STEM CELL TREATMENT FOR PREMATURE MENOPAUSE AND RESTORE FERTILITY The data from a new trial name Rejuvenation of premature ovarian failure with stem cells (Rose) report that, in the two patient who has completed the treatment with stem cells transplantation to date, serum estrogen levels have increased as soon as 3 months after the injection, and the rejuvenate effect has lasted for at least one year. Their menopausal symptoms have been decreased, and six months after the injection of the mesenchymal stem cells. Ultrasound imaging of treated patients shows a significant size enhance in the treated ovaries compared to the untreated one. So far, the patients have well tolerated with treatment, no side effects. The ovaries produce hormones and eggs typically until menopause in the early fifties when they stop working. About 1 percent of women have primary ovary insufficiency, and some are as young as in their teenage. With primary ovary insufficiency (the condition that the ovary stop produces hormone without reasons), the ovaries stop working and the women start menopause. They lose the ability to ovulate and menstruate and they may be at enhanced risk for menopausal symptoms including night sweets, hot flushes, vaginal dryness, and mood swings, and for osteoporosis-related fracture, cardiovascular disease, and earlier cognitive function decline. (6) STEM CELLS TREATMENT FOR MEN HEALTH Novel clinical study results show that stem cells can restore sufficient erectile function to allow impotent men to have sexual intercourse. In recent years a number of groups have worked to develop stem cell treatment as a therapy for erectile dysfunction problems, Results reported at the European Association of Urology conference in London manifest that 8 out of 21 have successfully return sexual function without the use of other medicines, injections, or implants. None of the 21 men reported significant adverse effects over the study period, or in the following year. After isolating the stem cells, they were injected into the muscles of the penis. No overnight stay in the hospital required. Within 6 months of the treatment, 8 out of the 21 patients shown that they had regained sufficient erectile function to achieve the sexual activity. This improvement has been stayed for a year, indicating that this therapeutic method may have long-term potential. Using the generally-accepted questionnaire to estimate erectile function, the whole group of 21 patients shown that their score had improved from 6 before the stem cell transplantation surgery, to 12 after 6 months. (7) STEM CELLS TREATMENT FOR ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN DIABETES PATIENT Erectile dysfunction is common in diabetic patients from multifactorial such as neurological, vascular, and hormonal changes. The first reported clinical study of stem cell treatment in diabetic men with erectile dysfunction showed a reasonable increase in penile rigidity after intra-penile muscle injection of umbilical cord blood stem cells. While penile rigidity has stayed for more than 6 months. In other trial on the use of stem cells in men with erectile dysfunction following prostate surgery, showed that intra-penile injection of mesenchymal stem cells appeared to be safe and improved the erectile function for a period of 6 months. Reference: 1.Julia Marcheque ,Benedetta Bussolati ,Marie Csete Laura Perin,” Concise Reviews: Stem Cells and Kidney Regeneration: An Update “Stem cells translational medicine Received May 24, 2018 2.Viranuj Sueblinvong, MD1 and Daniel J. Weiss, M.D., PhD” Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Approaches in Lung Biology and Diseases” Transl Res. 2010 September; 156(3): 188–205 3.Monash University” Unique stem cells as a potential asthma treatment “June 28, 2017 4.Zhongwei Sun, Feng Li, Xin Zhou, Kian Fan Chung,Wen Wang” Stem cell therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current status of pre-clinical studies and clinical trials” J Thorac Dis. 2018 Feb; 10(2): 1084–1098. 5.Dong-Bo Wu, En-Qiang Chen, and Hong Tang “Stem cell transplantation for the treatment of end-stage liver disease” World J Hepatol. 2018 Dec 27; 10(12): 907–910. 6.EndrocrineSociety.org “Stem cell therapy may help reverse effects of premature menopause, restore fertility” Chicago, IL March 18, 2018 7.European Association of Urology – press release” Stem cells shown to restore erection capability in men with erectile dysfunction “

“Placenta Therapy Anti-aging Treatment". Is an anti-aging treatment based on the regenerative properties of placenta cells specifically on skin, hairs liver, kidney, immune system nervous system and reproductive system. The treatment is purely biological based on established German and Japanese Anti-aging protocols. The abundant resource of growth factors Growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cellular growth, proliferation, healing, and cellular differentiation. Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF): Promotes growth of liver parenchymal cells and various tissues. Nerve Growth Factor (NGF): Promotes growth of nerve cells (sensory and sympathetic ganglionic cells). Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF): Promotes growth of skin, lungs, cornea, and tracheal epithelial cells. Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF): Promotes growth of human fibroblasts, glia cells, and vascular endothelial cells. Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF): Promotes growth of cartilage cells, and smooth muscle cells. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) : Promote Wound Healing Growth Factors which Increase Immune Strength Major Nutrients in Placenta Extract Amino acids such as leucine, lysine, valine, threonine, isoleucine, glycine, alanine, and arginine. Active peptides such as albumin, and globulin. Mucopolysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin. Vitamins such as vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, C, D, E, and niacin. Minerals such as calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, and iron. Nucleic Acids such as DNA, RNA, and metabolic products. Enzymes: Close to 100 varieties have been found including alkaline phosphatise acid phosphatise. Cancer Suppressant Protein Placenta Extract Benefit Many researchers have found that the placenta possesses a variety of medicinal effects. When you consider the many nutritional properties and growth factors of the placenta, the “all-purpose organ” seems quite an appropriate description. Nervous System Regulatory Function Hormonal System Regulatory Function Immune System Function Metabolism Function (energises the metabolism) Active Oxygen Removal Function (Anti-Oxidant) Anti-inflammatory Function Tissue Repair Function Tranquillising Function Support Hair growth Placenta extract for face Placenta Extract for facial rejuvenation For a bright, glow skin anti-aging for your skin Placenta Extract is not simply a source of good health but also very powerful in beauty treatments. The amazing thing about placenta is firstly its skin whitening effect, as well as its wide ranging power to improve the big three skin problems: spots, wrinkles and acne, not to mention dry skin, rough skin, sensitive skin, and skin ageing. Tissue regeneration function (improves regeneration of skin cells, promoting replacement) Cell growth and regeneration function (not only a direct nutrient but also promotes growth and regeneration of cells) Circulation promotion function (promotes circulation in the skin, providing nutrients and removing waste products) Package and Price “At Revival Clinic we choose Placenta Extract from the best lab resource. Every laboratory process qualified by ISO [International organisation for standardisation]" One time price For single dosage is 10,000 THB package price for 3 double doses 51,000 THB Premium package for 40+yrs 5 double doses 80,000 THB

膝关节干细胞注射疗法 不用手术 不用修养 安全 由医学专家治疗 愈疗时间仅需要三十分钟 减轻疼痛 放慢膝盖变性 Revival clinic​ 位置在曼谷中心

Cartilage problems are among the most common problems in bone and joint problems. Left untreated, may result in the development of osteoarthritis, with a big impact on the quality of life in the long term. The present-date treatment such as microfracture, autologous chondrocyte implantation has shown only a modest degree of success. Despite the variety of available techniques, the effectiveness of these in terms of preventing or delaying the development of osteoarthritis is questionable. Stem cell treatment have been suggested as a promising new era for cartilage disorders. A special characteristics of the stem cells, for example their potential to change to cartilage cells and also to support healing made them a fruitful candidate for non surgical treatment of cartilage problems, which has poor healing capacity. As shown in picture, there is an exponential growth in the number of published research regarding to stem cell use in cartilage disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that have been isolated from a variety of tissue types, including synovium, bone marrow, umbilical cord blood and fat tissue. MSCs have been observed to develope to bone, tendon, cartilage cells, muscle making them of great importance of non surgical treatment for bone and joint. Several carriers have also been successfully used with MSCs such as, platelet rich fibrin glue abd collagen scaffold. All patients experienced improvement in clinical scores in platelet rich fibrin treatment with MSCs. In another study,a type I collagen scaffold was used as a carrier for MSCs in two patients with bone graft sutured on top. Both KOOS and IKDC score improved significantly after surgery at 30 months follow up. Finally, a recent randomized trial used MSCs for patients with osteoarthritis. It was suggested that MScs resulted in improvement in cartilage quality, pain and quality of life as evaluated by MRI compared to hyarulonic acid. Based on these data, use of MSCs can be a viable solution for focal cartilage who prefer non-invasive treatment. click to learn more about our stem cell program Reference "Update on mesenchymal stem cell therapies for cartilage disorders" Nikolaos K Paschos and Mackenzie L Sennett,World J Orthop. 2017 Dec 18; 8(12): 853–860.

Platelet-rich plasma injections use the patient’s own plasma to help repair skin aging and scar in the hand. This process provides a safe, natural for unsightly hands. PRP is used mostly for rejuvenation and swift healing purposes. Click to watch: PRP rejuvenation by Dr.Amiya Prasad

Platelet-rich plasma treatment for stretchmark Platelet-rich plasma for stretch marks is based on the natural process of the healing cascade. This involves a series of regeneration and remodeling steps in the body. When the external tissue injury occurs, the body triggers a response to increasing the production of “signal proteins” that can be used at the trauma site. These signal proteins consist of platelets, white blood cells, and adult stem cells. The signal proteins concentrated in PRP include growth factors that will help generate the production of fresh collagen and elastin, which will reduce stretch marks from the inside out in a natural-looking way without complication. Our unique technique What makes our stretch mark treatment has better result is we combine two collagen stimulation method together depend on skin type. Fractional laser resurfacing Micro-needling for collagen stimulation Platelet-rich plasma for the better healing process Intense pulse light to improve skin color and redness Click to watch: stretchmark treatment with micro-needling + PRP on the doctor TV show

Ultralift Non surgical face lifting Non surgical treatment for face and neck lift with immediate results The power of ultrasound “Ultralift Uses time tested ultrasound energy to lift and tighten the skin naturally without surgery or down time.” The Ultralift procedure stimulates collagen production by delivering focused ultrasound energy to the skin’s foundational layer typically addressed in cosmetic surgery without cutting or disrupting the surface of the skin. Unlike filler, thread lifting or botulinum toxin, Ultralift creates one’s own new collagen and elastin naturally, safety, effectively and is longer lasting. BENEFITS The treatment not only results in facial lifting and improvement of wrinkles but also improves skin tone facial contours and subjective symptoms such as tightness or tension of the skin Improves skin laxity of Jawline Cheek peri-oral area and neck Under the chin fat reduction and tightening Tightens Jaw line and creates firm facial contours Decreases naso-labial fold and under the eyes profile NATURAL & LONG LASTING RESULT Proactively prevents facial laxity from gravity effect and collagen degeneration. Immediate effect Significant result at 3 months after treatment, and effectively maintains the the collagen synthesis process for a further 6 months. Ultralift for body reshape Non Surgical Fat Reduction is the latest technology used for fat loss. It targets specific focused areas of fat in the fastest possible treatment time. The Non Surgical Fat Reduction hand piece delivers focussed ultrasound waves to a precise depth at the subcutaneous fat layer to cause destruction of the fat cells, tightening the skin in the area treated. The treated fat cells are removed by the body’s natural fat removal process via the immune system. Gets rid of double chin, belly fat, back fat, and upper arm fat. Post-treatment Instructions: It is normal for the area treated to have some swelling and mild redness after treatment and it is also normal to feel uncomfortable underneath your skin is for the first week.It is a sign of old collagen degradation and new collagen stimulation. Makeup can be applied immediately post treatment. Waxing, tweezing, and depilatory creams can be resumed 3 days post treatment. Avoid hot tubs, saunas, steam rooms 24 hrs post treatment. However, all other normal activity can be resumed. Make sure that you get enough vitamin C and protein for the next 6 months since they are the building blocks for new collagen production. We also provide a collagen booster drip and placenta extract injection for face to enhance the result. Package &price At Revival Clinic, safety is always our concern. Every case is handled by our medical doctor from beginning to end. We tailor made treatment to suit your skin type and uniqueness preserving your baby fat and lifting the laxity of your skin.